Battery state-of-health
The single biggest value driver. ID.3 / ID.4 58 kWh and 77 kWh packs, ID.5 77 kWh, ID.7 77 kWh and 86 kWh, all on the MEB platform with shared thermal management. Recent VW dealer SOH report lifts the offer materially. The earliest ID.3 builds (2020-2021) saw software-driven range variability that later firmware updates resolved.